UPSC Sociology Optional 2025 Paper II Previous Year Questions
This is the full UPSC CSE Sociology Optional 2025 Paper II previous year question set, arranged like the original exam booklet (Section A / Section B, question-wise sequence).
It includes 28 questions across 3 syllabus chapters. Click any question to open its dedicated page with model answer support.
खण्ड—A / SECTION—A
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों में से प्रत्येक का उत्तर लगभग 150 शब्दों में दीजिए :
Answer the following questions in about 150 words each :
'भारतीय विद्या परिप्रेक्ष्य, भारतीय सामाजिक व्यवस्था को समझने में महत्वपूर्ण है।' विवेचना कीजिए।
Textual perspective is important in understanding of Indian Social System. Discuss.
पुष्टि कीजिये कि भारतीय परम्पराओं का आधुनिकीकरण हो रहा है। इसमें योगदान करने वाले कारकों की भी विवेचना कीजिये।
Justify that the Indian traditions are modernizing. Also discuss its contributing factors.
आपके अनुसार महिलाओं की स्थिति के उत्थान के लिए कौन से सामाजिक सुधार आन्दोलन ने सबसे अधिक प्रभावशाली भूमिका का निर्वाह किया है? व्याख्या कीजिए।
According to you, which social reform movement has played the most effective role in modernizing Indian women? Explain.
औपनिवेशिक नीतियों ने भारत में जनजातियों की सामाजिक-आर्थिक दशाओं को किस प्रकार से प्रभावित किया था? विवेचना कीजिये।
How did Colonial Policies for the tribes affect their socio-economic conditions in India? Discuss.
आप जी. एस. घुर्ये को 'सैद्धान्तिक बहुलवाद' के प्रयोगकर्त्ता के रूप में किस प्रकार से उचित ठहरायेंगे?
How would you appropriate to characterise G. S. Ghurye as a practitioner of ‘theoretical pluralism’?
क्या आप सोचते हैं कि भारत जैसे समाज में नियतविकासीय परिवर्तन विभेदीकरण के द्वारा होते हैं? क्या आप नियतविकासीय प्रक्रिया में निरन्तरता को देखते हैं? अपना उत्तर उपयुक्त उदाहरण सहित विस्तार से दीजिए।
Do you think that in a society like India orthogenetic changes take place through differentiation? Do you observe continuities in the orthogenetic process? Elaborate your answer with suitable examples.
'कृषक वर्ग संरचना आधुनिक शक्तियों के कारण परिवर्तित हो रही है।' आलोचनात्मक परीक्षण कीजिए।
Agrarian class structure has been undergoing changes due to modern forces. Critically examine.
समलैंगिक विवाह, भारत में जनसांख्यिकीय गतिकी के लिए किस प्रकार उत्तरदायी हैं? विवेचना कीजिये।
How same sex marriages are responsible for population dynamics in India? Discuss.
राष्ट्र निर्माण से आप क्या समझते हैं? राष्ट्र निर्माण में धर्म की क्या भूमिका होती है? अपने उत्तर को विस्तार पूर्वक लिखिए।
What do you mean by nation building? What is the role of religion in nation building? Elaborate your answer.
Do you think that the new economic reforms of British rule have disrupted the old economic system of India? Substantiate your answer with suitable examples.
भारतीय नव मध्य वर्ग की मुख्य विशेषताओं का वर्णन कीजिये। ये पूर्व/पुराने मध्य वर्ग से किस प्रकार भिन्न हैं?
Describe the main features of Indian new middle class. How is it different from the old middle class?
भारत में ग्राम अध्ययन के लिए किसे अग्रणी माना जाता है? उदाहरण के तौर पर कुछ भारतीय समाजशास्त्रियों के ग्राम अध्ययन पर योगदान को बताइये। उनके उपागम परस्पर किस प्रकार से भिन्न हैं?
Who is said to be the pioneer of village studies in India? Illustratively describe contributions of some Indian sociologists on village studies. How their approaches are different from each other?
with this statement? Analyze.
खण्ड—B / SECTION—B
“The transfer of land from cultivating to the non-cultivating owners is bringing about transformation in Indian society.” Justify your answer by giving suitable illustrations.
भारत में ग्रामीण उद्योगों के पतन के लिए उत्तरदायी विभिन्न कारकों का वर्णन कीजिए।
Bring out various factors responsible for declining of village industries in India.
Discuss the social bases of political mobilization in Independent India. Has some change occurred in these during the last 60–70 years?
भारतीय राज्यों में अनौपचारिक क्षेत्रों में कार्य करने वाले प्रवासी श्रमिकों की प्रमुख समस्याएं क्या हैं? विवेचना कीजिए।
What are the major problems faced by the labour migrants while working in informal sectors of Indian States? Discuss.
What are the major problems faced by the labour migrants while working in informal sectors of Indian States? Discuss
क्या आप सोचते हैं कि कानून भारत में बाल श्रम को समाप्त करने के लिए सक्षम है? टिप्पणी कीजिए।
Do you think that law has been able to abolish child labour in India? Comment.
संवैधानिक प्रावधानों ने किस अर्थ में अनुसूचित जातियों तथा अनुसूचित जनजातियों की सामाजिक, आर्थिक एवं राजनैतिक दशाओं को परिवर्तित किया है? आलोचनात्मक परीक्षण कीजिए।
In what respects have the constitutional provisions changed the socio-economic and political conditions of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in India? Critically examine.
Discuss the trend of urbanization in India. Do you think that Industrialization is the only precondition of urbanization? Give your arguments.
Which measures would you suggest for preventing caste conflicts in India? Justify your view.
What are the Private and Public network and support systems operative in Indian society for care givers? Discuss their role and the challenges before care givers.
examine the above statement with reference to NEP-2020.
भारत में दलित आंदोलनों ने उनकी पहचान बनाने को किस प्रकार से सहज बनाया है? विश्लेषण कीजिए।
How Dalit movements in India have facilitated their Identity formation? Analyze.
क्या भारत में संधारणीय विकास होना संभव है? पर्यावरणीय मुद्दों को ध्यान में रखते हुए संधारणीयता को अर्जित करने के लिए कुछ उपाय सुझाइये।
Is it possible to have sustainable development in India? Cite major environmental issues and suggest a few measures to achieve the sustainability.
What are the Indian government’s schemes launched for poverty alleviation after the United Nation’s Declaration of ‘Sustainable Development Goals – 2015’? Briefly describe
क्या आप सोचते हैं कि मजदूरों का जबरन विस्थापन उनके वंचन का कारण है तथा उसके परिणामस्वरूप हाल ही के वर्षों से भारत में असमानता आई है? विस्तार से उत्तर दीजिए।
Do you think that forced displacement of labourers has caused their deprivation and resultant inequalities during the recent past years? Elaborate.
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